I am in the process of creating a household notebook, so this is rather timely.
Here is what it looks like:
I divided the house into "zones", and I clean one zone a day for the five days of the week. There are some things that need to get done daily too, however. And then some things can be done on a monthly basis (once a month, the weekly "zones" are slightly more thorough than usual. This is not a tried and true schedule, because I'm not living in the home I planned it for yet, but hopefully it will keep me on top of things, and not be too difficult to keep.
Kitchen/Dining:
Daily: dishes, wipe counters, sweep, wipe chairs
Weekly: clear off counters and clean, mop, deodorize sink/drain, change tablecloth
Monthly: clean stove, fridge, windows
Bathrooms:
Daily: spray shower, wipe faucet
Weekly: clean toilet, tub, sink
Monthly: floors and mirror
Living room:
Daily: clutter pickup
Weekly: vacuum (or as needed)
Monthly: dust, windows
Stairs/Hall: vacuum (as needed)
Bedrooms:
Daily: make bed, put away clothes
Weekly: vacuum, change sheets
Monthly: windows
There are other things, like decluttering and cobwebs and such that will happen with even less frequency (prolly biannually), but that's the gist of it.
Currently, I do all of that stuff in about two days once a month. It gets pretty grungy around here before I'm moved to clean, and then I have problems with bugs and mildew, so I"m hoping to prevent those with this schedule.